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In PRIMER 8, you can now output more detailed statistical information from either dispersion-weighting or variability weighting to a worksheet. You can see this additional option in the comparison of the 'Dispersion Weighting' dialog in PRIMER 8, compared to t...

In PRIMER 8, it is now possible to output diagnostic plots from the CAP routine (i.e., canonical analysis of principal coordinates, an analysis obtained from a resemblance matrix by clicking PERMANOVA+ > CAP). You simply tick the new option to '$\checkmark$Do ...

Background Consider a cloud of $N$ points (sampling units) in a $p$-dimensional multivariate space. Principal components analysis (PCA) is an ordination method that will find an axis through that cloud of points so as to maximise the total variance of the poin...

Citation Summary Introduction New Statistical Methods in P8 New Tools & Utilities in P8 1. Expanded summary statistics 1.1 Expansion from P7 to P8 1.2 Definitions of statistics 1.3 Biotic data: summary stats 1.4 Split summary stats result...

This book provides a guide to get you up and running with PRIMER version 8. For a more comprehensive look at the many new features in PRIMER 8 that distinguish it from PRIMER 7, see the following resource: Anderson, M.J. (2026) "What's New in PRIMER 8". PRIM...

Citation Summary 1. Install & activate PRIMER 8 Overview 2. Getting data in to PRIMER Getting example data Opening example data Importing data from Excel Post-import data checks Save your data & workspace 3. Example analysis pathway (...

You can cancel your subscription through the customer portal, or by contacting us directly via email at primer@primer-e.com. You will still have access to the software until the end of the current subscription period. Your subscription will not be renewed, but...

PRIMER 8 receives regular updates throughout your subscription period. If your machine is connected to the internet, PRIMER will periodically check for updates and offer you the option to download and install the latest version. Check for updates manually If y...

This guide is fairly succinct and is designed to get you rather quickly up and running with PRIMER 8 software. For detailed information about all of the new features in PRIMER 8 with PERMANOVA+, check out the following key resource: Anderson, M.J. (2026). "Wh...

PRIMER 8 is offered as an annual subscription. This means you pay less up-front, and get regular free updates automatically within the term of your subscription. Subscription plan & number of seats Begin by choosing one of the following subscription plans from...

To get started using PRIMER 8, you will need to follow two essential steps: first, install the software on your machine; second, activate the software, using your purchased licence key.¶ These two steps are outlined in detail below. Install PRIMER 8 When yo...

Downloading the installer If you have purchased a subscription, a direct link to download the PRIMER 8 software installer (an executable file called 'PRIMER8Setup.exe') will be sent to you via email, along with your licence key. Alternatively, you can go to ou...

Note: The machine on which you are activating PRIMER must be connected to the internet and able to talk to our authentication server. Launch PRIMER 8. Click on the 'Authenticate Licence' button in the 'Welcome to PRIMER 8' dialog box. (Note: If you have al...

Below are some of the problems you may encounter when attempting to activate PRIMER 8 software. You can trouble-shoot these issues yourself, given the information below, or contact us at primer@primer-e.com if you need more help. You have exceeded the number o...

Sometimes you may need to deactivate your instance of PRIMER. This could be because you want to free up a seat on the licence or because you want to change which licence key you have activated on your machine in order to use PRIMER. If you want to deactivate y...

If you need to move PRIMER 8 to a new machine, or switch to a different licence, you'll first need to deactivate your current installation. Deactivating frees up a seat on your licence, allowing you to activate PRIMER on a new machine or under a new licence. ...

You can get a full set of Example datasets from within the software. To access them click Help > Get Examples... and choose the folder to place them in. The default name for this folder is 'Examples_P8'. These datasets are used and referred to in the software ...

You can manage your subscription directly from within the customer portal. More specifically, you can: Change your subscription plan Change the number of seats Change/update your card details Add a payment method (card) Change the card associated wit...

You can change your subscription plan yourself in the customer portal, provided you have a credit/debit card held in the system that is associated with your current subscription. Sign in to PRIMER-e's customer portal and you can change your subscription plan a...

You can change the number of seats yourself in the customer portal, provided you have a credit/debit card held in the system that is associated with your current subscription. To change the number of seats associated with your subscription: Sign in to PRIMER-...