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6.3 Example: Frierfjord macrofauna
The rank similarities underlying Fig. 6.3 are shown in Table 6.2 (note that these are the similar...
6.1 Univariate tests and multivariate tests
Many community data sets possess some a priori defined structure within the set of samples, for e...
BVStep starting and stopping options
On B-C on 4rt, Analyse>BEST>(Method•BVSTEP) & (Worksheet: 4rt data), taking the defaults for all ...
5.9 Example: Okura estuary macrofauna
describe macrofauna samples from the Okura estuary {O}, on the northern fringes of urban Aucklan...
5.8 Further nMDS/mMDS developments
Higher dimensional solutions MDS solutions can be sought in higher dimensions and we noted previo...
5.7 MDS strengths and weaknesses
MDS strengths MDS is simple in concept. The numerical algorithm is undeniably complex, but it ...
5.4 EXAMPLE: Dosing experiment, Solbergstrand
The nematode abundance data from the dosing experiment {D} at the GEEP Oslo Workshop was previous...
5.2 Non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS)
The method of non-metric MDS was introduced by and , for application to problems in psychology; ...
4.2 Principal components analysis
The starting point for PCA is the original data matrix rather than a derived similarity matrix (t...
4.1 Ordinations
An ordination is a map of the samples, usually in two or three dimensions, in which the placement...
3.6 Binary divisive clustering
All discussion so far has been in terms of hierarchical agglomerative clustering, in which sample...
3.5 Similarity profiles (SIMPROF)
Given the form of the dendrogram in Fig. 3.3, with high similarities in apparently tightly define...
3.3 Example: Bristol Channel zooplankton
perform hierarchical cluster analyses of zooplankton samples, collected by double oblique net ha...
2.5 Dissimilarity coefficients
The converse concept to similarity is that of dissimilarity, the degree to which two samples are ...
2-way RELATE for cyclicity
A 2-way RELATE version of the above test where there are no replicates, and the cyclic factor und...
1.6 Example: Garroch Head macrofauna
describe the sampling of a transect of 12 sites across the sewage-sludge disposal ground at Garr...
2.1 Similarity for quantitative data matrices
Data matrix The available biological data is assumed to consist of an array of p rows (species) a...
2.2 Example: Loch Linnhe macrofauna
A trivial example, used in this and the following chapter to illustrate simple manual computation...
1.3 Example: Frierfjord macrofauna
The first example is from the IOC/GEEP practical workshop on biological effects of pollutants (),...
1.1 Introduction
The purpose of this opening chapter is twofold: a) to introduce some of the data sets which are u...